Pain in the rear and lumbar region is one of the most common claims in medicine.It ranks second in the number of appeals, the second only with respiratory diseases.Many pathologies can cause lower back pain, but very often it is osteochondrosis of the lumbar region.How to treat such a disease, which symptoms and signs it holds below.
Not too long ago, medical science believed that osteochondrosis in the lumbosacral unit is exclusively due to age -related changes, which brings vertebrates and intervertebral discs.However, today age is no exception, osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine is diagnosed in patients in different age groups.To date, the termination of age is considered to be over 25 years old
Causes of the appearance of lower spinal osteochondrosis
It is impossible to name the exact cause, it will almost always be a comprehensive effect of various destructive factors, the most important of which can be distinguished:
- Passive lifestyle protectionIn terms of motor activity.With their own will, immobilized people, such as a computer for many hours, do not get a useful load, leaving the "corset" muscle and the spine load increases.In addition, almost always such handling is associated with a long stay in incorrect and unnatural postures.
- Hormonal background problemsWhich causes disruption of metabolism, which affects the metabolism of the spine in the lower back and promotes destructive processes.It also includes endocrine diseases.
- The presence of congenital or acquired deviationsWhen the musculoskeletal system undergoes some changes.This can be reflected in the load on the spinal column, for example, a patient with a flat leg, a curve of the legs or spine.
- Chronic increased loadsLower back.Here, there are risks of people with certain types of professional activities that are usually associated with weight gain.It also includes professional athletes who constantly identify their bodies with peaks.
- Downened meals and daily routine.This also involves regular stress exposure.These factors are reflected in the processes of metabolism and affect the periodic recovery of their forces.
The degree of osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine
The above abnormal factors gradually lead to the manifestation of the disease.However, it can be manifested in different ways, initially almost asymptomatic or in late development due to tolerant pain.Consider the basic degree of development of osteochondrosis:
- A situation in which the nucleus of the aircraft moves into the intervertebral disk.It is characterized by pain caused by irritation of the nerve roots of the fibrous rim and longitudinal ligaments.The discomfort is locally felt in the place where the defective disc is located.Pain can be sharp bastards, or constant dumb.
- When the intervertebral disc fibrous layer is destroyed, the mobility of the spinal column elements in this area is increased, they are unstable.To eliminate these abnormal manifestations, it is necessary to maintain the muscles of this zone, which results in chronic fatigue in the lower back.
- Next, the fibrous rim is reaching, which is why the core comes out of the disc, creating an intervertebral hernia.Such a case is accompanied by an excess number of the ends of the nerves called "radical syndrome".
- The next degree of osteochondrosis of the lumbosacral section is caused by severe deformity of the spine.There are problems with mobility, but pain syndrome, which at this point is strangely enough, appears.However, you should not rejoice, it does not talk about the disease at all.
- The last degree is characterized by abnormal growth of bone tissue and general deterioration of well -being.
Based on the degree of osteochondrosis of the lower back, certain methods of treatment are used.
Symptoms of osteochondrosis in the lower back
The main symptom is combat syndrome in the lumbar spine.At the same time, the sensations of pain, their localization zone, and their spreading direction may vary.This is due to the fact that based on the degree of intervertebral disc and the degree of damage to the tissues, nerve receptors are irritated.In addition, the role of protrusion or directly hernia, its protrusion direction and many other factors.
The main symptoms of lumbar spine osteochondrosis include:
- The presence of lower spinal pain, which has a tendency to increase sharp mobility or, on the contrary, for a long time without changing the position.The pain returns if you hold a horizontal position.
- In addition, weakness in the body is below the abdominal cavity, including the lower extremities, as well as the boring tendon of the legs.
- There is a high likelihood of a curve in the lumbar spinal column.There is a classification of such curves, for example, with focus on the right or left side, they talk about scoliosis, the lordosis is called curves, and the kyphosis is called when the natural lumbar bend is softened.
- With a serious degree of development of the disease, spinal cord canals can cause its dysfunction and bring uncontrolled urination and stools.
Among the additional symptoms, they point out:
- The presence of numbness and the "cold" skin of the lower spinal skin.
- Peel, dry and blue skin in the same places.
- Roasted urination.
- Erection problems.
The presence of these symptoms should warn people, you will not be able to wave them by hand, it will only cause a greater lining.In this case, you should definitely consult your doctor for accurate diagnosis and treatment.By the way, treatment can be in hospital and home environment, but more later.
Diagnosis of the disease
When making a diagnosis, it is important to understand the degree of the disease.The easiest way is to palpate the lower back, identifying the pain zones.Typically, this method is non -information and in addition to conducting studies that give a more detailed clinical picture:
- With radiographyInexpensive and widespread method, it is possible to evaluate both the spine as a whole and the condition of the individual vertebrates, such as the lumbar region.The technique is not very accurate, it only allows you to understand how integrated the intervertebral discs and spinal canals are.
- Computed tomographyA more accurate method to evaluate the disk damage level of the spinal cord, nerve roots and channels with the spinal cord.
- Magnetic -resonance tomographyThe most accurate method gives a complete picture of defeat in the details, but is quite expensive and inaccessible.
It should be noted that the diagnostic process is very important, because all the details of osteochondrosis are important when prescribing treatment tactics.
Complications for osteochondrosis
The main complications of the pathology are hernia and protrusions, it is necessarily arising if you neglect treatment and allow the disease to develop at speed.Other complications may be:
- Inflammation of the sciatic nerve.
- Spondylarthrosis.
- Shmorl's hernia.
- Spondylosis.
- Problems caused by spinal canals.
- Functional disorders in the pelvis.
- Development of lightness.
Treatment of lower spinal osteochondrosis
Diagnosis of lumbar spine osteochondrosis requires a wide range of therapy, the main aspects of which will be:
- Use of moderate loads.
- Special medications.
- Spinal column smoking.
- Manual therapy sessions.
- Physiotherapy.
- Therapeutic massages.
The concept of "treatment" implies osteochondrosis:
- Shortening of inflammation.
- Removing pain syndrome.
- Complex to enhance lumbar and surrounding muscle groups.
- Get rid of chronic muscle tension.
- Increased functioning of the organs in the pelvic muscles.
- Normalization of blood circulation and metabolism in the pathology zone.
Treated with medication
A similar approach to the treatment of lower spinal osteochondrosis includes medication administration, special drug injections, ointments and gels for external use.The main task of such drugs is to neutralize the pain and inflammatory process.
Based on the degree of osteochondrosis of the spine in the lumbar region, the next medication can be identified by your doctor:
- Analgesics that have an anesthetic effect.
- Preparations for anti -inflammatory origin.
- Muscle spasms, antispasmodics.
- Medications for the recovery of cartilage called chondroprotectors.Their effectiveness is not proven, so they are rarely used in traditional medicine.
- In case of serious pathologies, when the above funds do not contribute, refer to corticosteroids.
- Vitamin Complexes.
In addition to these funds, drugs are prescribed in tablets aimed at calming the nervous system, fighting stress and depression.
Treatment of physiotherapy for lower spinal osteochondrosis
The treatment process is rarely limited to taking pills.The pathology discussed cannot be healed without stimulating the processes of spine recovery.For these purposes, the most popular is a wide range of physiotherapeutic procedures, the most popular:
- Phonophoresis.
- Therapy with diadinamic currents.
- Laser therapy.
In addition, the spine should be given useful loads, simultaneously fragmented.Various types of therapeutic massage are ideal for this.It should be remembered that massage is used only to remove pain.Typically, it is performed as a restorative measure with the remission process, or with chronic osteochondrosis.After the massage, the muscles of the muscles of the disease are well relaxed, with its effect significantly increased by simultaneous warming, such as in the bath or sauna.In the latter case, we will have maximum effect due to additional stimulation of blood circulation in the area of pathology and surrounding areas.
Another method of physiotherapy is manual therapy.In general, its advantages are the same as the massage, but in addition to this technique, a specialist can move the spine to normal.
Therapeutic gymnastics
Therapeutic gymnastics is also used as a restorative and preventive measure at a time when the pain and inflammatory process have already been removed.The high efficacy of therapeutic exercises guarantees the regularity of exercises, in which case the damaged area will constantly receive the necessary motor for self -determination and recovery of new tissue.
Surgical surgery for lower spinal osteochondrosis
Surgical surgery is an extreme measure that is prescribed for serious complications.The most common of these is intervertebral hernia when the so -called "dissatisfaction" is performed or the affected intervertebral disc is removed.Surgery is very effective, however, it is extreme extreme, with the purpose only if other methods of therapy do not work for more than 6 months.Modern medicine also offers less traumatic methods for such surgery, such as microsurgical or endoscopic methods.